Ophthalmologists are those doctors which are the surgeons of the eyes. Ophthalmology is a branch of medicine which is related with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of eyes. Eyes are an organ which react to the light for many purposes, and also help to differentiate in the colors. Eyes are very sensitive part of the human body. It’s helped the people to see and recognized the things. Eyes play very important role in living beings lives, we can see the beauty of the world. Due to pollution and UV rays human eyes are infected. For example UVB rays causes to be cataract, it is a disease of the eyes which unclear the lenses of the eyes.
Ophthalmology is a Greek word and its mean is science of eyes. The structure of animals and human eyes are same, so ophthalmology also applies on the eyes of the animals. It is a rule of the many countries that if an ophthalmologist operate the animal eyes then veterinary study is essential for him/her. There are few ophthalmologists who operate human and animal’s eyes both, because it is sensitive part of human and animals bodies. Fovea centralis is a part of animals and human eyes it help to see the things. Watch the television, driving, reading and any activity.
In seventeen and eighteen century ophthalmologists are use to check the eyes hand lenses and microscope, and the chances of mistakes are huge. For example some time pupils change its size and retina change its nature. The first ophthalmologist surgeon was John Ferke. He established the first ophthalmology hospital in England 1804 and name of hospital is moorfields hospital. it is largest and old hospital of united kingdom.
- Retinoscopy:
Retinoscopy is the technique which helps to examine the patient’s eyes properly. The examiner use retinascopy shiny light in the eye of the patient and observe the reflection of retina.
- Ophthalmoscopy:
Ophthalmoscopy is the device which helps to test the fundus of eyes and other structure. The eye fundus is only part of human body where microcirculation directly observed. There are two types of the Ophthalmoscopy direct and indirect. Direct Ophthalmoscopy is an instrument about the size of small and flashlight with several lenses that can magnify up to 15 times. It is commonly use to examine the eyes. Indirect Ophthalmoscopy is different from it the light is attached with the headband addition to the handheld lens.
- Phoropter:
Phoropter is an instrument which helps to examine the eyes and contact the lenses. Normally patients are sitting behind and look at the eye chart than ophthalmologist exam the problem of the patients. With the Phoropter the surgeon also change the lenses of eyes, he just need to change the setting of the machine. This is very beneficial machine, which help the doctors to examine the eyes of people and gives proper treatment. In past the department of ophthalmology was not very successful but now it is a successful department of the world. In this era the ophthalmologists have advance instrument to treat the patients.